Imperialism 2 02/08/08

Types of Imperialism

1. Military: seizure/gun-boat posturing

a) Annexation: take over completely + add

Alaska: Seward's Icebox

Gold+Oil

Hawaii: Queen Lilivokalani

Sugar Cane Crops

 Colonization

America too late to the game

1763: Peace of Paris

Ended French and Indian War

Kicked France out of India

1857: Savoy rebellion

Protectorate

Nation A controls all external decisions of Nation B while Nation B controls all internal decisions

Ext. Decisions: War, Trade, Treaties

Internal Decisions: Health Care, education, Roads

Puerto Rico

Foraker Act, 1900

Constitution does not follow the the flag

Ended military presence in PR

Stated that there should be a colonial government

American governor

Not elected, appointed by Washington D.C.

Two Legislators:

Chamber legislators

Only vote on issues directly concerning P.R.

1 Appointed

1 Elected by P.R.

Cuba

1898 Teller Amen.

Cubans should be freed from Spanish occupations

Monroe Doctrine

1901: Platt Amen.

Cuba is protectorate of U.S.

Economic and Political Imperialism

Nation A controls Nation B's economy to such an extent as to influence Nation B politically

Examples

France controls Vietnam in this way

US in Iraq

Dole in Nicaragua

Coca Cola in Colombia

Concessions

Sphere of Influence

1884: Sino-Japanese War

China is invaded by Manchuria

1904: Russo-Japanese War

Russians attack, fearing that Japan is advancing too rapidly

Japanese would have won, if US hadn't stepped in to make a treaty

Imperialism 1 02/07/08

I was sick this day, and don't have these notes. If someone would like to give them to me, I'd be happy to type them and put them up.

The Gilded Age 3 01/30/08

Farmers are discontented

Role in society is changing

Mass exodus from rural areas to urban areas

Exceptionally high mortgages

Homestead Act provides insufficient land

Need to take out more mortgages to get more land

High debt

Machines expensive

Environmental issues

Locusts

Dependent on a world market

Prices for goods were very low

Railroads

Dictated time tables and price of shipping

Railroads gave discounts to industrialist that made RR materials

Kickbacks to gov. officials

Farmers band together in Populist party

Small rural areas had granges

Community centers

Would discuss RR prices

Mund v. Illinois

1880's: Farmers Alliance

Grain silo

Subdivided into regions

Helps regulate supply and demand

Creates Populist Party

The Gilded Age 2 01/29/08

Wizard of Oz about 1890's up to the election of 1896

House drops on W.W. of the East

Represents industrialst

Populist movement

1896 Election

William McKinley

Gold

Williams Bryant

Silver and gold

Bimetalism

Inflation is good

Value of dollar is declining

Prices go up

Salary/Wages go up

Goldbugs

Want a gold standard

1890

Sherman Silver Purchase Act

1884

Grover Cleveland vs. James G. Blaine

Cleveland wins

Discovered that James G. Blaine is associated with Credit Mobiler scandal

1888

Cleveland vs. B. Harrison

1892

Cleveland vs.  Harrison

Populist party is the most powerful third party in US history

Made up of farmers

The Gilded Age 01/27/08

1865-1900

Coined by Mark Twain

Shiny exterior to bad interior

Problems

Republicans are "waving the bloody shirt"

Reminder that Democrats started the Civil War

Dems wanted lower tariffs

Tariffs regulate trade

Raise revenue

Civil Service Reform

Grant has patronage/spoils system

"Era of Good Stealings"

Corruption

Grant reelected in 1872

Currency Reform

Greenbackers

Printed money will be backed by the Federal government

Inflation

Farmers, Workers, Debtors

Grover Cleveland

Enters White House a bachelor, has secretary

Rumors that he is sleeping with secretary

In fact, has illegitimate child with secretary's 18 y/o daughter

James G. Blaine

Attacks Cleveland in 1884

Personal attacks in politics

Samuel Tilden Dem vs. Hays Rep

Tilden ends corruption in New York City

Election very close, down to Florida

Elector calls in sick, gov. nominates new delegate, Hays wins

Hays compromises with Tilden on Civil Service Reform

This move splits republican party

Stalwarts, Traditional Republicans

Half-Breeds, Believe in reform

In election of 1880, Garfield runs

Shot 3 times in the back

VP is Chester A. Arthur

Garfield was Rep. Half-Breed, Arthur is Stalwart

Arthur is a known felon

Highly corrupt

Arthur cleans up and introduces the Pendleton act, which gives gov. jobs based on merit.

Chapter 17-The Industrial Revolution 3 01/17/08

Monopolies

Holding companies

One company holds significant voting stock in another country so that it controls business practices

Cartels

International monopolies

OPEC

Labor

Unions

Keep wages high

Safe conditions

8 hr workday

Knights of Labour: 1869

Becomes AFL: 1886

1st Pres. is Samuel Gompers

Union Weapons

Collective bargaining

Mediation

Stalemate

Strike

Railroad strike in 1877

Sit down strike

Now illegal

Slow-down Strike

Break Equipment on purpose

Weapons of Management

Scabs

People willing to cross picket line

Pinkerton Agency

Lock-out

Blacklist Union Leaders

Boycott

Arbitration

Bound in advance to compromise

Yellowdog Contract

Blacklist all Union members

Injunction

Court order closing a strike

Strike affects community

In 1894, Pullman Strike

Employees paid low wages to produce RR cars

Employees protested having to live in company towns and overhead from paychecks

In come Pinkerton Police

Longshoreman Strike

Injunction given

Chapter 17-The Industrial Revolution 2 01/16/08

Phonograph records

Met Opera

Rise of realism in art

Lot's of immigrant move to cities

Increase in crime

Poverty

Disease

Immigrants main group in cities

Rise in nativism

Public Education systems emerge

Based on German system

Morrell Land Grant leads to good college system

Women start to enter higher education

Walter Reed

Discover Yellow Fever

John Wesley Powell

Andrew Carnegie

Gave away money

Philanthropist

Carnegie Hall

Magazines

Literary Magazines

Dime novels

Music, Theatre

Business

Monopolies

Pooling

Instead of competing, divide market

Not illegal

Having regional markets

Merger

One or more companies form a new company

Combine assets

Vertical Integration

One product

Control product from start to finish

Eliminate middle man

Horizontal Integration

Control entire sector of an industry

Trust is a formation of a national monopoly

Sherman Anti-Trust Act, 1890

Prevent trusts from forming

Used primarily against labor unions

Corporate State Charters

John D. Rockefeller

Mogul who starts Standard Oil

In 1870's-1880's, collects corporate state charters

Standard Oil of PA

Standard Oil of IL, etc

Board of trustees

So rich that he becomes a philanthropist

Government questions whether to charge with anti-trust fund

Stop philanthropist?