Lunch Session Review Notes 05/01

1604

Jamestown

-three things shape character

                Business enterprise

Sole purpose of London Company is to find gold in Cheasapeake bay area

                -Tobacco becomes the real cash crop

New population

                Head right-> contract

                Indentured servants

Moves Westward

                1^st Rebellion: Bacon’s Rebellion.  Haves and Have nots issues.

Maryland=catholic

                Freedom of Religion

Plymouth: Pilgrims form the first civil government, Mayflower Compact

                Absorbed by MA Bay Company

Puritans: Purify the church of England, no king influencing religion

MA Bay company becomes a government, form town hall meeting open to all

Dissidents

Thomas Hooker of Connecticut writes constitution Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

Anne Hutchinson  challenges notion of predestination

Rodger Williams, separation of church and state and freedom of worship

New York- Dutch Colony, business oriented

Pennsylvania- Quaker influence, women have equality, represntitive government

Georgia- Buffer from Spanish Florida (founded by Obulthorp), refugee for debtors and sinners

Simple legislature by Britain

Navigation Acts: enforce mercantilism- national recourses from US to Eng, made into shit, sent back

                Poorly enforced, lots of smuggling

 

Chesapeake problems: malaria, swamp, all men, slaves provide labor supply, specifically in south

Scotch/Irish Immigration: 1700

Southern Economy is mostly tobacco, boom bust cycle of cash crops.

Northern Economy is more difersy, and there is starting home industry, fur, timber, mining

 

English start to crack down

                Triangle trade

Rise in merchant class, who don’t want to pay Navigation tax

 

Destinctive black culture, religion, music- few free blacks in the north

Decline in Piety

Backlash of religion

                Witchcraft trials/hysteria

                Great Awakening 1720

                                Westley, founder of Methodists.  Easy salvation for all

                                Johnathan Edwards Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God CRAZY

Education is geared towards religion,

 

Salutary Neglect: English doesn’t do anything to US

                Start to see resistance

Albany Plan: act to unify colonies against French and Indians

                (B/c of French and Indian/Seven years war; centered in Ohio valley)

                                Americans fight basically alone

French friends with Heron

English friends with Iroque

William Pitt transformed the war

French seed lots of land to English, Spain gets New Orleans, England gets Florida (under Spanish influence)

Acts to Pay for War

                Proclamation act: No more colonists west of Appalachians (Indian Territory)

                Sugar Act: instigates protest

                Quartering/Mutiny Act: forced to house British soldiers

                Stamp Act: revenue for England with no word from the colonists! OUTRAGE!

                                Sons of Liberty (militant)

                                Modest Efforts of boycotts

                                                -Increase in home industry

                Townsend Act: Designed to raise revenue for England also (on paint, glass, etc)

Boston Massacre: (Boston=heart of boycotts)

Dickenson writes Letters of a ______ Farmer “No taxation w/o representation”

                England says “Virtual representation”

                                                (1/3 of Americans want independence, 1/3 don’t, 1/3 aren’t sure)

                Tea Act: East India Company monopoly, tea boycott, Boston Tea Party

                Coercive Act: Taxation punishment of Boston tea Party.  Limits self-government

First Continental Congress (all but Georgia) preparation of Defense

General Gage of England sent to put down rebel leaders

                “Shot heard around the world” Lexington and Concord

Second Continental Congress supports the war

Olive Branch Petition: for Peace

Thomas Paine writes Common Sense, the importance of gaining independence

Development of Declaration of Independence (designed to overthrow tyrannical government), Natural rights of man, compact with government, government only to protect people and rights,

 

Key issues in Rev War

                -Funding: Who get’s taxed?  Cause

                                BORROWING MONEY FROM FRANCE

                -British has better army

                -Americans know the land, closer, lower cost of shipment

1^st phase, Boston, Bunker Hill, Canada (Fails)

2^nd phase, Turning point, battle of Saratoga,

3^rd phase, in the south, more loyalists

                British overestimate

Surrender at Yorktown: British are too poor to continue war

Peace of Paris (2): 1783 John Jay, Franklin, Adams, clear cut independence

Article of Confederation Problems

-Property requirements to vote

-No taxation

-No regulation of trade

-No army

-One vote per state

-Western land claim not addressed

-Land Ordinances of

-Northwest Ordinance

Shay’s Rebellion