Labor saving devices liberate women from the kitchen
Making from scratch takes a lot of time
New devices gives women more time
Time to spend… getting rights!
Businesses catering specifically to women
Designed by women, for women: very, very successful
Cosmetics
Regressive Movements
Miss America Pageant in 1921
Designed for Men (Swimsuits, evening wear, etc)
The “Model Female”
But girls are into them- money, prestige
1929- 1/6 marriages end in divorce
People think: “Not due to women’s liberation movement,
“But increased consumerism- raised the expectations of marriage to an idealized version that couldn’t be unachieved.” (Magazines, Television, Radio, etc)
Men say “I must want that.”
Women say “I must be like that.”
UNATTAINABLE
Job Opportunities:
Still “domestic”
1/3 Graduate Degrees to women
But only 4% of professors are women
Can’t get into law/medical school
Having babies removes women from work place
Can’t get the raise, get the experience- while the men can
Hard to get back into a job (medicine)
75% of all black females are in “domestic service”
Women in congress increase
But in the role of their husband (step in)
Alice Robertson (OH) resides over House of Rep in place of her husband after he dies (for 30 min)
Rebecca Feltan (GA) did something like that for a day
After WWI we want another state of Isolation
“Return to Normalcy”- Harding, Coolage, Hoover
WHY:
Money!
Everyone owes us money. (France, GB, Italy)
We need to help Europe- so they can buy our products.
Germany can’t pay back war Reparations
Troops from France and Belgium go into the Ruhr valley
USA gives Germany a loan
INTEREST!
Dawes Plan 1924-1926
Helps Germany with their debt
Forgives 80% of Italy’s debt and interest goes down to .4%
Forgive 40% of French, 1.6% interest
Young Plan
Reduces German debt to 8 Billion
18th Amendment 1919
“Noble Experiment”
Lasts about 15 years with numerous violation
Evolution v. Creation
Scopes Monkey trial: Dayton Tennessee
John Scopes decides to teach Evolution with backing of ACLU
School district=pissed
Darrow is Scopes lawyer- agnostic for ACLU
Bryan is lawyer for school district- fundamentalist
Dies after winning
Fundamental Christians are ridiculed in press
Scopes is forced to leave, fined but doesn’t have to pay
Rise of Black Nationalism
Blacks join army ranks
Discover France accepts blacks
Feels they should have the same kind of privileges as they’d had
Booker T. Washington believes in gradualism
W. E. B. DeBois believes in confrontation if need be
Marcus Garby founds UNIA (Universal Negro Improvement Association)
1920 have a national convention in Harlem
Separatism
KKK erupts again
1915 (b/c of history teacher)
Col. Simmons of GA
Becomes regiolalized
South= Anti-Black
West/Mid-West= Anti-Catholic (anti-hispanic)
East= Anti- Semitic
LA= Anti-Urban
ALL ARE ANTI-IMMIGRATION
Terrorism, torture, murder.
But few white jurors would find KKK members guilty
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