Sandcreek Massacre
Barren Sandcreek Reserve for Cheyenne
No supplies from government, so Cheyenne start stealing from Army
Army massacres Cheyenne
Assimilation
Forced Indians to give up culture and join white society
Daws Act breaks up reservations and gives Native Americans individual land
Plan fails b/c NA's not given good land
Failed as farmers
By 1900, all Bison killed off
Battle of Wounded Knee
Sioux started losing land and Buffalo
Sioux invented Ghost Dance to restore populations
Army saw dance as act of rebellion
Tried to arrest Sitting Bull, leader
Fight broke out, Sitting Bull killed
Army takes 350 Sioux Warriors to Wounded Knee, Army tells to give up weapons
One Sioux warrior won't give up rifle, fires
Army fires back and kills 300 unarmed Sioux
Ends Native American wars
Homesteaders
Got out West on trains
Railroad built by Chinese, African Americans, Mexicans
Homestead Act
160 Acres to farm, for free, own the land after 5 years
Many were miners or cowboys
Ranchers need more than 160 acres
Kansas granted land to African Americans
Oklahoma
2 Million Acres to give away in 24 hours
Yellowstone is set aside from homesteaders
Recognized natural beauty
In 1850, 1 Percent of US Pop. is West Mississippi
In 1900, 30 Percent
First states to allow women to vote are in the West
Steel Plow helps farming
Morrill Land Grant Act 1862-1890
Starts up first Western Universities
Homesteaders frequently in debt
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