Monopolies
Holding companies
One company holds significant voting stock in another country so that it controls business practices
Cartels
International monopolies
OPEC
Labor
Unions
Keep wages high
Safe conditions
8 hr workday
Knights of Labour: 1869
Becomes AFL: 1886
1st Pres. is Samuel Gompers
Union Weapons
Collective bargaining
Mediation
Stalemate
Strike
Railroad strike in 1877
Sit down strike
Now illegal
Slow-down Strike
Break Equipment on purpose
Weapons of Management
Scabs
People willing to cross picket line
Pinkerton Agency
Lock-out
Blacklist Union Leaders
Boycott
Arbitration
Bound in advance to compromise
Yellowdog Contract
Blacklist all Union members
Injunction
Court order closing a strike
Strike affects community
In 1894, Pullman Strike
Employees paid low wages to produce RR cars
Employees protested having to live in company towns and overhead from paychecks
In come Pinkerton Police
Longshoreman Strike
Injunction given
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